So, TANSTAFL.
The Rocket engine follows a philosophy of relatively unstressed (low reving, low compression) components last longer, and a consequence is the engine operates relatively inefficiently.
That is indicated by most of the fuel economy numbers we are seeing.
This for many years -- up through basically 1973 -- is what the US car industry did. There were large, gas guzzling engines, that gave decent performance ("no replacement for displacement") by virtue of their size.
If one is willing to alter the engine, it is possible to do it in such a way, that combustion temperatures are increased, and the fundamental theoretical efficiency can go up.
I have not studied Carpenter, Lush, et. al., though from what I have read this is in part what they are doing.
Pilots of piston engine aircraft have the luxury of a near constant RPM, and once reaching cruising altitude, will carefully lean the mixture watching like a hawk the exhaust gas temperature.
Long distance flyers (and I mean extra long distance not covered by the owner's manual) have been known (like racers) to lean the mixture beyond what is recommended by the engine manufacturer, counting on the engine(s) making the one flight, and then being rebuilt.
Jet engines in aircraft have the same opportunity. Usually governed by maximum allowable Forward Turbine Inlet Temperature (FTIT), as the manufacturers were able to improve the metallurgy and cooling tricks for the turbine blades, the temperature increased and so did the absolute performance and fuel economy.