I took the cover off today, and here's the failed spot:
In general, the whole gasket surface on the cam cover looked pretty uneven, mostly because Triumph has powder coated the part after the gasket surface was machined. I could find gaps up to 0.80 mm with a feeler gauge:
I took the cover to the local machine shop for resurfacing, but unfortunately they didn't have a belt sander, and the setup time for milling in a CNC machine would make it cost prohibitive. I wanted to get the bike back together today, so plan B was a piece of glass and some valve grinding paste:
The gasket surface turned out pretty good, so I went ahead and re-installed the cover with a thin smear of black RTV silicone in the problem spot for a peace of mind. I guess I'll find out in the next 4-5k miles if it holds up.
Now one interesting thing I found on other forums is that Triumph has come up with an updated version of the cam cover bolt seals for the Bonneville, which is notorious for leaks. The original Bonneville part (T12603309) is the same as Rocket's, so I think the updated part (T1260337) should work as well. According to the Bonneville guys, these rubber seals / washers are critical for transferring the bolt clamp load to the cover. I'll try the new Bonneville bolt seals the next time I have the cover off (hopefully for a scheduled valve check this time).